References
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- Zhou T, Salman D, McGregor AH. Recent clinical practice guidelines for the management of low back pain: a global comparison. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024;25(1):344. doi:10.1186/s12891-024-07468-0
- Urits I, Burshtein A, Sharma M, et al. Low back pain, a comprehensive review: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2019;23(3):23. doi:10.1007/s11916-019-0757-1
Endoscopic Spine Surgery
- Gadjradj PS, Broulikova HM, van Dongen JM, et al. Cost-effectiveness of full endoscopic versus open discectomy for sciatica. Br J Sports Med. Published online February 20, 2022. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2021-104808
- Lewandrowski KU, Ransom NA, Yeung A. Return to work and recovery time analysis after outpatient endoscopic lumbar transforaminal decompression surgery. J Spine Surg. 2020;6(Suppl 1):S100-S115. doi:10.21037/jss.2019.10.01
- Sairyo K, Matsuura T, Higashino K, et al. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for athletes. J Spine. 2013;S5(006):1-4. doi:10.4172/2165-7939.S5-006
- Sivakanthan S, Williams JR, Feroze AH, et al. Endoscopic spine surgery in athletes: case series and review of literature. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:702-707. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.211
- Mahan MA, Prasse T, Kim RB, et al. Full-endoscopic spine surgery diminishes surgical site infections—a propensity score-matched analysis. Spine J. 2023;23(5):695-702. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2023.01.009
- Page PS, Ammanuel SG, Josiah DT. Evaluation of endoscopic versus open lumbar discectomy: a multi-center retrospective review utilizing the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. Cureus. 2022;14(5):e25202.
Medial Branch Nerve Transection
- Siddiqi F, Romero J, O’Donnel C, Hayes V. Five year long-term results of endoscopic dorsal ramus rhizotomy and anatomic variations of the painful lumbar facet joint. Paper presented at: Society for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Annual Conference. November 1-3, 2013; Las Vegas, NV.
Discectomy
- Page PS, Ammanuel SG, Josiah DT. Evaluation of endoscopic versus open lumbar discectomy: a multi-center retrospective review utilizing the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. Cureus. 2022;14(5):e25202. doi:10.7759/cureus.25202
- Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, Godolias G. Full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy versus conventional microsurgical technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008;33(9):931-939. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e31816c8af7
Pars Fracture Repair
- Kato K, Hakozaki M, Mashiko R, Konno SI. Familial development of lumbar spondylolysis: a familial case report of 7- and 4-year-old brothers and their father. J Int Med Res. 2021;49(5):3000605211015559. doi:10.1177/03000605211015559
- Foreman P, Griessenauer CJ, Watanabe K, et al. L5 spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis: a comprehensive review with an anatomic focus. Childs Nerv Syst. 2013;29(2):209-216. doi:10.1007/s00381-012-1942-2
FAQs
- Polikandriotis JA, Hudak EM, Perry MW. Minimally invasive surgery through endoscopic laminotomy and foraminotomy for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis. J Orthop. 2013;10(1):13-16. doi:10.1016/j.jor.2013.01.006
- Lewandrowski KU, Ransom NA, Yeung A. Return to work and recovery time analysis after outpatient endoscopic lumbar transforaminal decompression surgery. J Spine Surg. 2020;6(Suppl 1):S100-S115. doi:10.21037/jss.2019.10.01
- Cao J, Huang W, Wu T, Jia J, Cheng X. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation as day surgery - short-term clinical results of 235 consecutive cases. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(49):e18064. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000018064
- Liawrungrueang W, Sunpaweravong S, Chongsathidkiet P, etal. Full-endoscopic rhizotomy for degenerative lumbar facet joint syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Spine Surg. 2026;12(3):32.doi:10.21037/jss-2025-aw-199
- Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, Godolias G. Use of newly developed instruments and endoscopes: full-endoscopic resection of lumbar disc herniations via the interlaminar and lateral transforaminal approach. J Neurosurg Spine. 2007;6(6):521-530. doi:10.3171/spi.2007.6.6.2
- Page PS, Ammanuel SG, Josiah DT. Evaluation of endoscopic versus open lumbar discectomy: a multi-center retrospective review utilizing the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. Cureus. 2022;14(5):e25202. doi:10.7759/cureus.25202
- Debnath UK, Scammell BE, Freeman BJC, McConnell JR. Predictive factors for the outcome of surgical treatment of lumbar spondylolysis in young sporting individuals. Global Spine J. 2018;8(2):121-128. doi:10.1177/2192568217713008
- Ahn Y, Oh HK, Kim H, Lee SH, Lee HN. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar foraminotomy: an advanced surgical technique and clinical outcomes. Neurosurgery. 2014;75(2):124-133. doi:10.1227/NEU.0000000000000361

